Story of a Love Affair (Italian: Cronaca di un amore) is a 1950 Italian drama film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and starring Massimo Girotti and Lucia Bosè. Despite some neorealist background, the film was not fully compliant with the contemporary Italian neorealist style both in its story and image, featuring upper-class characters portrayed by professional actors. Ferdinando Sarmi was, however, a fashion designer rather than a professional actor.

Its story was inspired by the James M. Cain novel The Postman Always Rings Twice.

In the film, the camera pans the same street corner in Ferrara, the director's native city, that appears in his film Beyond the Clouds forty-five years later. In 1951, the film won the Nastro d'Argento Silver Ribbon Award for Best Original Score (Giovanni Fusco) and the Special Silver Ribbon (Michelangelo Antonioni) for human and stylistic values. Story of a Love Affair was Antonioni's first full-length feature film.

In 2008, the film was included on the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian films to be saved, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978."