Biography
Xi Jinping (Chinese: 习近平; pinyin: Xí Jìnpíng, pronounced [ɕǐ tɕîn.pʰǐŋ]; born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician who has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), and thus as the paramount leader of China, since 2012. Xi has also been the president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) since 2013. He belongs to the fifth generation of Chinese leadership.
The son of Chinese Communist veteran Xi Zhongxun, Xi was exiled to rural Yanchuan County as a teenager following his father's purge during the Cultural Revolution. He lived in a yaodong in the village of Liangjiahe, Shaanxi province, where he joined the CCP after several failed attempts and worked as the local party secretary. After studying chemical engineering at Tsinghua University as a worker-peasant-soldier student, Xi rose through the ranks politically in China's coastal provinces. Xi was governor of Fujian from 1999 to 2002, before becoming governor and party secretary of neighboring Zhejiang from 2002 to 2007. Following the dismissal of the party secretary of Shanghai, Chen Liangyu, Xi was transferred to replace him for a brief period in 2007. He subsequently joined the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) of the CCP the same year and was first secretary of the Central Secretariat in October 2007. In 2008, he was designated as Hu Jintao's presumed successor as paramount leader; to that end, Xi was appointed vice president of the PRC and vice chairman of the CMC. He officially received the title of leadership core from the CCP in 2016.
Xi is the first CCP general secretary born after the establishment of the PRC. Since assuming power, Xi has introduced far-ranging measures to enforce party discipline and to impose internal unity. His anti-corruption campaign led to the downfall of prominent incumbent and retired CCP officials, including Zhou Yongkang, a former member of the PSC. He has also enacted or promoted a more aggressive foreign policy, particularly with regard to China's relations with the U.S., the nine-dash line in the South China Sea, the Sino-Indian border dispute, and the political status of Taiwan. He has sought to expand China's African and Eurasian influence through the Belt and Road Initiative. Xi has expanded support for state-owned enterprises (SOEs), advanced military-civil fusion, overseen targeted poverty alleviation programs, and has attempted to reform the property sector. He has also promoted "common prosperity", a series of policies designed with stated goal to increase equality, and used the term to justify a broad crackdown and major slew of regulations against the tech and tutoring sectors in 2021. Xi met with Taiwanese president Ma Ying-jeou in 2015, the first time PRC and Republic of China leaders met, though relations deteriorated after Tsai Ing-wen of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) won the presidential elections in 2016. He responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China with a zero-COVID approach from January 2020 until December 2022, afterwards shifting towards a mitigation strategy. Xi also oversaw the passage of a national security law in Hong Kong, clamping down on political opposition in the city, especially pro-democracy activists.
Often described as an authoritarian leader by political and academic observers, Xi's tenure has included an increase of censorship and mass surveillance, deterioration in human rights, including the internment of a million Uyghurs in Xinjiang (which some observers have described as part of a genocide), a cult of personality developing around Xi, and the removal of term limits for the presidency in 2018. Xi's political ideas and principles, known as Xi Jinping Thought, have been incorporated into the party and national constitutions, and he has emphasized the importance of national security and the need for CCP leadership over the country. As the central figure of the fifth generation of leadership of the PRC, Xi has centralized institutional power by taking on multiple positions, including chairing the National Security Commission and new steering committees on economic and social reforms, military restructuring and modernization, and the Internet. He and the CCP Central Committee passed a "historical resolution" in November 2021, the third such resolution after Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. In October 2022, Xi secured a third term as CCP General Secretary, the second leader of the CCP to do so after Mao, and in March 2023 was reelected state president for a third term, the first head of state to be so. Biography at Chinavitae.com
Appearances on C-SPAN
Xi Jinping collected news and commentary at the China Digital Times
Xi Jinping collected news and commentary at The Guardian
Xi Jinping collected news and commentary at The New York Times
Xi Jinping 2012 profile on BBC Radio Four
Filmography
all 44
self 40
Movies 31
TV Shows 13
杭州第19届亚运会闭幕式 (2023)
杭州第19届亚运会开幕式 (2023)
To End All War: Oppenheimer & the Atomic Bomb (2023)
And the King Said, What a Fantastic Machine (2023)
Covid-19, la quête des origines (2023)
Laogai: Prison Nation - Inside China's Ruling System (2023)
Three Wars (2023)
2023年新年贺词 (2022)
This Stolen Country of Mine (2022)
Beijing 2022 Olympics Closing Ceremony (2022)
China: The Enemy Within (2022)
Candlelight Revolution (2022)
China: The Uighur Tragedy (2022)
Spiel mit dem Feuer - Wer braucht noch dieses Olympia? (2022)
Vaccine Diplomacy (2021)
The New World of Xi Jinping (2021)
Taiwan: A Digital Democracy in China's Shadow (2021)
In the Same Breath (2021)
North Korea: Inside The Mind of a Dictator (2021)
Big Data, Big Brother (2020)
Riding the Dragon (2020)
History 101 (2020)
Big Brother: A World Under Surveillance (2020)
The Lockdown: One Month in Wuhan (2020)
When China Wows the World: The 2019 Grand Military Parade (2019)
Tiananmen: The People Versus the Party (2019)
Moon: The Battles of Space (2019)
The World According to Xi Jinping (2018)
Patriot Act with Hasan Minhaj (2018)
Fahrenheit 11/9 (2018)
360° (2018)
Explained (2018)
Amazing China (2018)
Straight (2018)
NHK WORLD PRIME (2017)
An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power (2017)
Putin: The New Empire (2016)
Before the Flood (2016)
Shadow World (2016)
The Xi Factor (2015)
Spotlight (2015)
Sochi 2014 Olympic Opening Ceremony: Dreams of Russia (2014)
Mentiras verdaderas (2011)
Frontline (1983)
Ratings
Information
Known ForActing
GenderMale
Birthday1953-06-15 (70 years old)
Birth Name习近平
Birth PlaceBeijing, China
Height
RelationshipsKe Lingling (1979-01-01 - 1982-01-01)
SpousePeng Liyuan
ChildrenXi Mingze
FatherXi Zhongxun
MotherQi Xin
SiblingsZhang Yannan, Qi Qiaoqiao, Xi Yuanping, Xi Zhengning, Xi Ganping, Xi Heping, Qi An'an
RelativesDeng Jiagui, Ke Hua, Zhang Lanlan
CitizenshipsChina
ResidencesBeijing · Peking, China
Also Known As习近平, 習近平, Xí Jìnpíng, Jinping Xi, 시진핑
AwardsOlympic Order, Time 100, Order of Abdulaziz al Saud, Order of King Abdulaziz al Saud, Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called, Order of the Golden Eagle, Order of the Liberator General San Martín, Nishan-e-Pakistan, Order of José Martí, Medal of Honor of the Congress of the Republic of Peru, Order for strengthening Peace and Friendship, Order of Manas, 1st class, Order of Zayed, National Order of the Lion of Senegal, Order of the Liberator, Order of the Republic of Serbia, Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold, Gold Olympic Order, Golden Key of Madrid
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